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Chronology

From 1881 to 1953: the dates in the story on a single page. Each line links to its source and to the scene it belongs to.

1. 1881

   • Born in Salonica.¹ Salonica

2. 1896

   • Enrolled at the Manastır Military High School as cadet 7348.¹ School years

3. 1899

   • 13 March Entered the War College in Istanbul.¹ School years

4. 1905

   • 11 January Became a staff captain and was assigned to the Fifth Army.¹ School years

5. 1912

   • January Wounded in the left eye in the fighting at Derna, Tripolitania.² From Tripolitania to Gallipoli

6. 1913

   • 20 November Took up his post as military attaché in Sofia.³ From Tripolitania to Gallipoli

7. 1915

   • 25 April Commanding the 19th Division at the Arıburnu landings, he sent the 57th Regiment forward.⁴ From Tripolitania to Gallipoli
   • 10 August At Chunuk Bair a shrapnel ball shattered the watch in his breast pocket.⁴ From Tripolitania to Gallipoli

8. 1916

   • 1 April Promoted general.⁵ Armistice

9. 1918

   • 13 November Arrived in Istanbul.⁵ Armistice

10. 1919

    • 19 May Landed at Samsun from the steamer Bandırma.⁶ A steamer into the Black Sea
    • 22 June The Amasya Circular was issued.⁷ A steamer into the Black Sea
    • 8 July Resigned from the army at Erzurum.⁸ A steamer into the Black Sea
    • 4 September The Sivas Congress met.⁸ A steamer into the Black Sea
    • 27 December Arrived in Ankara.⁹ A steamer into the Black Sea

11. 1920

    • 23 April The Grand National Assembly opened; he was elected Speaker at its second sitting.¹⁰ The Assembly and Sakarya
    • 11 May The court-martial in Istanbul sentenced him to death in his absence.¹¹ The Assembly and Sakarya

12. 1921

    • 23 August – 13 September The Battle of Sakarya.¹² The Assembly and Sakarya
    • 19 September The Assembly gave him the rank of Marshal and the title Gazi.¹³ The Assembly and Sakarya

13. 1922

    • 26 August The Great Offensive began from Kocatepe; on 9 September the army entered İzmir.¹⁴ Kocatepe
    • 1 November The sultanate was abolished.⁸ The Republic

14. 1923

    • 14 January His mother Zübeyde Hanım passed away in Karşıyaka.¹⁵ The Republic
    • 29 January Married Latife Hanım.¹⁶ The Republic
    • 24 July The Treaty of Lausanne was signed.¹⁷ The Republic
    • 29 October The Republic was proclaimed; he was elected its first president.¹⁸ The Republic

15. 1924

    • 3 March Education was unified under a single ministry.¹⁹ A country in ten years

16. 1925

    • August Introduced the hat at Kastamonu and İnebolu.²⁰ A country in ten years

17. 1926

    • 17 February The Civil Code was adopted.²¹ A country in ten years

18. 1927

    • 15–20 October Delivered the Nutuk: six days, 36 hours and 33 minutes.²² The Speech, and peace

19. 1928

    • 1 November The law on the new Turkish letters was passed.²³ A country in ten years

20. 1930

    • 3 April Women gained the right to vote and stand in municipal elections.²⁴ A country in ten years

21. 1931

    • 20 April “We work for peace at home and peace in the world.”²⁵ The Speech, and peace

22. 1933

    • 29 October The Tenth Anniversary Speech.²⁶ The tenth year

23. 1934

    • 9 February The Balkan Entente was signed in Athens.²⁷ The Speech, and peace
    • 24 November The Assembly gave him the surname “Atatürk”.²⁸ A country in ten years
    • 5 December Women won the right to vote and stand for parliament.²⁴ A country in ten years

24. 1938

    • 5 September Wrote his will in his own hand.²⁹ The last summer
    • 10 November, 09:05 We lost Atatürk. He passed away at Dolmabahçe Palace.³⁰ 09:05
    • 21 November His remains were laid in a temporary tomb at the Ethnography Museum in Ankara.³¹ Anıtkabir

25. 1953

    • 10 November His remains were transferred to Anıtkabir.³¹ Anıtkabir

Notes

1. 1Atatürk’ün Eğitim ve Öğretim Gördüğü Kurumlar, İşte Atatürk (isteataturk.com).
2. 2Trablusgarp Savaşı’nda Atatürk, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
3. 3Atatürk, Gazi Mustafa Kemal (Ş. Turan), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
4. 4Anafartalar Kahramanı Mustafa Kemal ile Mülakat (Ruşen Eşref, 1918), İşte Atatürk (isteataturk.com).
5. 5Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
6. 6Bandırma Vapuru, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
7. 71919, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
8. 8Atatürk Kronolojisi, İşte Atatürk (isteataturk.com).
9. 9Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın Ankara’ya Gelişi (27 Aralık 1919), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
10. 10Kurtuluş Savaşı Müzesi (I. TBMM Binası), Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi.
11. 11Mustafa Kemal ve arkadaşları hakkındaki idam kararları (O. Akandere), Atatürk Yolu Dergisi 43, 2009, s. 372–375, DergiPark.
12. 12Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi (23 Ağustos – 13 Eylül 1921), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
13. 13Atatürk’e Gazilik Unvanı ve Mareşallik Rütbesinin Verilmesi, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
14. 14Büyük Taarruz, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
15. 15Zübeyde Hanım (1857–1923), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
16. 16Latife Hanım (1898–1975), Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
17. 17Lozan Barış Antlaşması, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
18. 18Cumhuriyet’in İlanı, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
19. 19Tevhid-i Tedrisat Kanunu, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
20. 20Şapka İnkılabı, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
21. 21Atatürk ve Hukuk Devrimi, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
22. 22Atatürk’ün Nutuk Adlı Eseri, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
23. 23Harf Devrimi, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
24. 24İlk kadın milletvekilleri, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi.
25. 25Yurtta Sulh, Cihanda Sulh, İşte Atatürk (isteataturk.com).
26. 26Onuncu Yıl Nutku, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
27. 27Balkan Antantı, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
28. 28Soyadı Kanunu, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).
29. 29Atatürk’ün Vasiyeti, Türk Tarih Kurumu.
30. 30Atatürk’ün son hastalığı üzerine, DergiPark.
31. 31Atatürk’ün Naaşının Anıtkabir’e Nakli, Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi).